Thanks,
Laura
Source: http://mchreflog.blogspot.com/2012/09/tally-of-educationmathhavcclassrooms.html
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Thanks,
Laura
Source: http://mchreflog.blogspot.com/2012/09/tally-of-educationmathhavcclassrooms.html
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Shinzo: I believe this series was hugely underrated, many might have been turned off by the art style of the animation, but the sheer depth and scale of this was astounding. I've never seen an anime I love more to this day -- note not huge fan of anime.
Babylon 5: How can I convey the awesomeness of this, it's scale, it's scope, the character development, the overarching plots and the great dialogue. This is a masterpiece and sadly underrated. But to this day, this series is my most favourite none above it. None.
FlashForward: A series not given enough time, and because of this it suffers, but the idea and what looked like they planned makes me think this could have been legendary.
Spellbinders: An Australian Kids show that had great ideas, some neat writing and cool practical effects. Even though it's a kid show, I think especially series 1 could be appreciated by the adults. It's got sci-fi sorta fantasy plot and was filmed sometime in the 90s. Some of the cast were Polish as it was collab between Polish Studio and Australian one.
Drawn Together: Maybe this is more popular in America, but in the UK this is relative unknown which is funny as Big Brother came from us, anyway the idea is this it's Big Brother House, except instead of annoying celebrities it's cartoon characters, or caricatures of them. It's sometimes low-brow and sometimes got some really funny smart jokes. I think it's vastly overrated as the voice acting really helps make it what it is.
Urban Gothic: This was another British series which was filmed round about the 90s, the idea was this it was like a horror version of the Outer Limits or Twilight Zone, of course there some stinkers, but then there is the really fantastic ones. If you're fan of Horror and neat concepts give this one a watch.
For now this is me done.
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Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/RolePlayGateway/~3/-msFwCPRFGY/viewtopic.php
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DSC (digital selective calling)
If you have VHF radio with DSC, you should first send a distress signal by activating the distress button. All DSC-equipped vessels and Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centres (MRCCs) in the area will automatically receive details about your vessel and position and you can include information about your problem. Make sure that your DSC is connected to a GPS (Global Positioning System), otherwise you'll give an incorrect position unless you make regular manual positioning updates. The alert will be repeated every four minutes until it's acknowledged. All MRCCs in the UK and most European coastguards are equipped with VHF DSC and they will respond quickly when called. You should then follow it up with a voice Mayday message on channel 16. If you accept assistance from another boat you should inform the coastguard and stop the DSC alert.
Mayday Calls
The word "Mayday" derives from the French "venez m'aider" meaning "help me" or "come to my aid".
A Mayday is a situation in which a vessel or person is in grave or imminent danger and needs immediate assistance. Examples include sinking, explosion, fire, piracy, man-overboard and serious life threatening personal injury.
Mayday calls are equivalent to a Morse SOS code or a telephone call to emergency services and can be made on any frequency, but it is normal to broadcast on VHF radio channel 16 as this is the calling, listening and recognised emergency channel. The Coastguard monitor Channel 16 and the VHF signal operates roughly within 30 miles of the nearest shore depending on radio propagation.When a Mayday distress call has been made onChannel 16, it imposes general radio silence on the channel, except for those assisting with the Mayday, until the emergency is over.
A hoax Mayday call is regarded as a criminal act in many countries, putting rescuers' lives in danger, causing a huge waste of money and time and potentially stopping search and rescue teams from attending genuine emergencies elsewhere. For example, in the USA, a false distress call carries a penalty of up to 6 years imprisonment and a fine of $250,000.
Remember that although in normal circumstances you need to have passed an exam to obtain a VHF radio licence before you can legally broadcast on VHF radio, anyone may use the VHF to summon help in an emergency.
How to make a Mayday call
The word "Mayday" is spoken three times, followed by the vessel's name or call sign spoken three times, then "Mayday" again and the name or call sign. You must then give vital information including position, type of emergency and number of people on board. A typical Mayday call might be:-
- Mayday, Mayday, Mayday
- This is My-yacht, My-yacht, My-yacht (call sign)
- Position 55? 50'5 North 004? 57'4 West.
- My vessel is holed and sinking
- I requireimmediate assistance
- 5 people on board, one badly injured
- Mayday, My-yacht, Over
Mayday Relay
A Mayday Relay call is made by a vessel on behalf of a different vessel in distress. If a Mayday call is not acknowledged by the coastguard after one repetition and a 2 minute wait, then any vessel who has received the Mayday call should try to contact the coastguard on behalf of the distressed vessel by broadcasting a Mayday Relay. This should use the call sign or name of the transmitting vessel but give the position of the Mayday vessel. It can be used when the vessel in distress is either too far offshore to contact the coastguard direct or is without radio capabilities. A typical Mayday Relay might be:-
- Mayday Relay, Mayday Relay, Mayday Relay
- This is My-yacht, My-yacht, My-yacht (call sign)
- The following distress call was received from yacht Hopeful at 14.35 hours.
- Mayday, Mayday, Mayday
- This is Hopeful, Hopeful, Hopeful (call sign)
- Position49? 44'5 North 001? 25'5 West
- We are on fire and sinking
- 3 people on board, one with burn injuries
- We are taking to the life raft
- Message ends
- This is Yacht My-yacht out
Pan-Pan
A Pan-Pan is used to signify that there is a state of urgency on board, but no immediate danger to life or to the vessel. It informs the emergency services and other craft that the vessel requires assistance but is not in grave or imminent danger. The French word "panne" refers to mechanical failure or breakdown of some kind.
Calling procedure is similar to that of a Mayday, substituting the word "Pan-Pan" for "Mayday", followed by the relevant information about the vessel, position and nature of problem. If the problem is resolved, the emergency services and other craft in the area should be notified. Don't forget a Pan-Pan call can be upgraded to a Mayday if the situation deteriorates to the point of "grave and imminent danger". A Pan-Pan has priority over all other radio traffic except for Maydays, but after obtaining a response to your Pan-Pan you should make arrangements to transfer to another channel, leaving channel 16 free for emergencies.
Mobile Phone
You can use your mobile phone to dial 999/112 and ask for the Coastguard, but it should not be relied on because the signal is very limited and it will not alert other vessels.
Flares
You can fire a red parachute flare or a red hand-held flare at night in an emergency, or use orange smoke in daytime. They should not, however, be relied upon to raise an alert, as they need someone else to notice them, recognise what they mean and then get help.
What response will you get to an emergency call?
When the coastguard receives a distress call he will acknowledge it and respond, probably asking for more information. The coastguard will then decide how to deal with the situation, possibly sending lifeboats, search and rescue helicopters or coastguard rescue teams. He may also contact other vessels in your area, asking them to assist. It is a legal requirement for other vessels to help if they are able, whether contacted by the coastguard, or if they hear the mayday and are in close proximity.Whatever help the coastguards provide, they will guide you through the rescue procedure. If you have to take to the life-raft after making a Mayday call, do remember to inform the authorities so they know about your change of situation.
What if you receive a distress signal?
Any vessel receiving a distress signal or seeing a boat in distress in their area must respond to it as best they can, as long as they do not endanger their boat or their crew.
How can you help yourselves?
- Stay calm, especially if you are in charge.
- Ensure your radio is always switched on while at sea and tuned to channel 16.
- Keep your call sign, name (in phonetic alphabet) and list of distress procedures near the radio and practice the phonetic alphabet.
- Speak clearly and slowly, splitting numbers, for example "one-six" instead of "sixteen".
- Make sure that all your crew know how to operate the radio even if they haven't got a licence and that they know the emergency call procedures.
- If possible keep one person on standby on the radio for as long as is safely possible.
- While waiting for a response to your Mayday call - prepare flares, life rafts, life jackets, gather emergency supplies, hand held radios and grab-bags as long as it is safe to do so. Ideally each member of the crew should have their own personal grab-bag containing money, credit card, passport, mobile phone, etc.
- Get yourself and the crew into the safest place on your vessel, checking that they are all OK. Don't forget a crew member obliviously sleeping below decks. Remind yourself and crew about how to launch the life raft in case the worst happens. Remember though, only to get into the life raft as a very last resort?..you should only ever step up into a life raft (that is - only if your vessel is sinking) unless it is on fire or there is danger of explosion.
Most people sail the seas happily for years without ever experiencing an emergency, but it is worth remembering that emergencies happen without warning or sometimes even without a logical reason. The time might come when you are unlucky - so be prepared. It doesn't take much time to review emergency procedures and relay them to your crew - and it could easily mean the difference between life and death.
Source: http://www.artipot.com/articles/1387711/emergency-at-sea.htm
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A Stillwater Junior High student hugs a member of the staff as her class is escorted to a waiting bus following the death of a student Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012 in Stillwater, Okla. A 13-year-old student shot and killed himself in a hallway at an Oklahoma junior high school before classes began Wednesday, police said, terrifying teenagers who feared a gunman was on the loose. (AP Photo/The News Press,Chase Rheam)
A Stillwater Junior High student hugs a member of the staff as her class is escorted to a waiting bus following the death of a student Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012 in Stillwater, Okla. A 13-year-old student shot and killed himself in a hallway at an Oklahoma junior high school before classes began Wednesday, police said, terrifying teenagers who feared a gunman was on the loose. (AP Photo/The News Press,Chase Rheam)
A sign declaring Stillwater Junior High School as a drug free and gun free zone is pictured outside the school in Stillwater, Okla., Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012. A 13-year-old student shot and killed himself in a hallway at the schooll before classes began Wednesday, police said, terrifying teenagers who feared a gunman was on the loose. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)
Police and fire vehicles are parked outside Stillwater Junior High School in Stillwater, Okla., Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012. A 13-year-old student shot and killed himself in a hallway at an Oklahoma junior high school before classes began Wednesday, police said, (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)
A fire-rescue truck and a police car are parked outside Stillwater Junior High School in Stillwater, Okla., Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012. A 13-year-old student shot and killed himself in a hallway at an Oklahoma junior high school before classes began Wednesday, police said, terrifying teenagers who feared a gunman was on the loose. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)
Stillwater, Okla., Police Capt. Randy Dickerson, right, answers a question during a news conference in Stillwater, Okla., Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012 after a 13-year-old student shot and killed himself in a hallway at an Oklahoma junior high school before classes began Wednesday. Looking on is Superintendent of schools Ann Caine. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)
STILLWATER, Okla. (AP) ? A gunshot rang out at an Oklahoma junior high school before classes began Wednesday, terrifying teenagers who feared a gunman was on the loose.
Soon, though, students learned no one else was in danger. One of their eighth-grade classmates had taken his own life, shooting himself in the head with a handgun in the hall, authorities said.
"Throughout the entire thing, we all thought someone shot someone else," said student Paiton Gardner, 14. "We didn't know it was a suicide. We were freaking out."
Some students bolted outside Stillwater Junior High. Staffers quickly locked down the building and evacuated the rest of the school's 700 eighth- and ninth-graders, along with students from an adjacent elementary school, police Capt. Randy Dickerson said.
Dickerson said the 13-year-old didn't leave a note, and authorities said they don't know why he killed himself. Superintendent Ann Caine, who oversees the district about 70 miles west of Tulsa, said there weren't any reports that the teen had been bullied.
"There is no indication that that's what occurred," Caine said. She said the teen was a good student who got along with other kids.
About 120 people attended a vigil Wednesday evening at Highland Park United Methodist Church.
Hana Sumpter, a 14-year-old eight-grader, said she was friends with the boy, adding that he had given no indication of problems beforehand.
"He acted like he usually does," she said.
The Rev. Derrek Belase led the group in prayer. Members of the student's family did not attend the service.
Police wouldn't say where the weapon came from or how the eighth-grader got it into the school. Caine said there aren't any metal detectors but expects there will be discussions about the policy.
Gardner said she realized something was wrong early Wednesday when students began to run past her.
"People looked terrified," said Gardner, a ninth-grader. "The football coach was like, 'Get out, get out! Someone's been shot.'"
She and other students sprinted down the hallway, passing blood on the wall and floor as she ran to a nearby playground.
Another ninth-grader, Jake Green, said he heard the single shot ring out after he and dozens of other students gathered to pray before school.
"We heard this loud boom and everyone just got quiet," Green said. "No one said a word."
A teacher told the students to get out of the building, Green said.
"Everyone was really scared. We didn't know if the kid shot himself or if there was a shooter outside the school who shot in," Green said. "Everyone didn't know what was going on, so they were screaming and running as fast as they could to get to the playground."
Some students wore superhero costumes Wednesday as part of an effort to raise cancer awareness, but Dickerson said the student who shot himself didn't appear to be dressed up.
"If was wearing a costume, it wasn't evident to me," Dickerson said.
Green said students who were already in their classrooms were locked in the building for about an hour. Parents were told to pick up their children at a nearby shopping center.
"It was really scary," Green said. "Everyone's kind of traumatized and doesn't know how to act or respond."
Kenny Monday told The Associated Press that his son, Kennedy, heard the gunshot but did not witness the shooting.
"It's so sad that the kid lost his life, but we're just glad he didn't shoot anyone else," Monday said.
___
Nuss reported from Little Rock. Associated Press writers Ashley M. Heher in Chicago, Ken Miller and Sean Murphy in Oklahoma City and Jill Bleed in Little Rock, Ark., contributed to this story.
___
Follow Jeannie Nuss at http://twitter.com/jeannienuss
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Source: http://video.msnbc.msn.com/nbc-news/49155922/
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The oceans are getting the red-carpet treatment with a new project from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: HabCam, an optical imaging endeavor that provides researchers with a one-of-a-kind glimpse of the seafloor.
The "Cam" part of HabCam is a camera system that is towed over the ocean bottom along the continental shelf (where a continent drops off under the ocean) off the East Coast of the United States. The system snaps six images per second ? that's a half-million images a day; then, a process corrects the color and an algorithm stitches the pictures together to create a giant panorama of the seafloor. Each day, HabCam can capture 100 nautical miles (185 kilometers) of ocean floor.
Amber York, a biology research associate at Woods Hole who works on HabCam, told OurAmazingPlanet that pictures have already sparked her interest: She has spotted an anemone and a worm that could be new species.
"As a biologist, I think what excites me more than anything about this project is the ability to see these organisms in a large scale in their natural habitat," York said. "A lot of these off-shore species are not as well-documented as the coastal ones on the beach. It's intense detective work trying to identify them." [ HabCam Images: Peek Beneath the Waves ]
Science news from NBCNews.com
Science editor Alan Boyle's blog: Thousands of images from Australia's Great Barrier Reef and other coral locales are being stitched together into an eye-popping array of 360-degree panoramas ? but this project isn't just about pretty pictures.
Zigzagging over the seafloor
HabCam's 2-megapixel camera is towed on a large metal skeleton by a 103-foot (31 meters) sea scallop trawler, above coastal regions of the Northeast, including Georges Bank, the Mid-Atlantic Bight and the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. To collect the photos, HabCam is towed from a ship and travels in patterns from zigzags to spirals through the ocean about 6 to 8 feet (1.8 to 2.4 m) above the seafloor, collecting more than 40 million images in total. The newest version of the system also includes a side scan acoustics system that gathers information on seafloor roughness ? something that is difficult to see with the photos alone.
The pictures also give scientists a window into how marine life on the seafloor acts. In the past, biologists have used giant trawlers to scoop up critters and dump them on the deck of ships for analysis. The problem, York said, is that the creatures look different when they come up than they do in their natural habitat.
"They may change their color as they come up, or they get broken up too much in the process," she said.
HabCam also gives a peek into the way the creatures live on the floor. For example, sea stars were thought to be relatively spread out, but York has noticed that they tend to gather in armies ? she calls them hordes ? and eat everything in their path as they move across a scallop field.
Counting scallops and sea stars
The camera is helping scientists count scallops on the seafloor, and helping them understand the health of the ecosystem. Right now, it's being used to count scallops in a way that is much more rigorous than previous methods. They want to create a quantifiable marker for the habitat, including factors such as species richness, diversity, the composition of the material the creatures live on and ecosystem change through time and over different areas. HabCam will help create a historical baseline for the seafloor health to be evaluated in the future.
Of course, it's a lot of work sifting through all those images. To help, those running HabCam have reached out to the Citizen Science Alliance and launched an interactive website called "Seafloor Explorer," where people can help identify scallops, sea stars and other creatures in the pictures. The project is starting with 100,000 images to annotate.
"We are interested in finding out what is happening to the seafloor over time, but we also need help in identifying individuals in all the photos," York said. The research group is working on a system to train computers to classify the images, but first they need people power to interpret what they're seeing.
York is positively pumped over the future of the field.
"I think this is just the start of a whole field of research ? imaging of marine life on the seafloor," she said.
? 2012 OurAmazingPlanet. All rights reserved. More from OurAmazingPlanet.
Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/49181305/ns/technology_and_science-science/
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JERUSALEM (AP) ? Israel ground almost to a halt Tuesday afternoon in preparation for Yom Kippur, Judaism's holiest day of the year.
The country has completely closed its airspace to airplanes, shut down its buses and trains, and locked its border crossings in preparation the holy day, which begins Tuesday evening and ends Wednesday after sundown. Restaurants, businesses and schools closed, government ministries shuttered, and Israeli television and radio stations went silent. Highways and roads emptied of cars ? a convention honored even by most secular and non-Jewish Israelis.
Yom Kippur is Judaism's day of atonement, when devout Jews ask God to forgive them for their transgressions. They refrain from eating and drinking and attend intense prayer services in synagogues. The day caps a traditional ten day period of soul-searching that began with the holiday of Rosh Hashanah, the start of the Jewish new year.
This year, the day of introspection comes amid heightened speculation that an attack on Iran's nuclear facilities could be near. When Yom Kippur comes to a close Wednesday night, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu will make his way to New York to address the United Nations with one main message: Iran's nuclear program is an existential threat to Israel, and it must be stopped.
Israeli Chief Rabbi Shlomo Amar told Israel Radio that Israelis should pray this Yom Kippur that Israel's enemies be kept at bay.
"May God upturn whatever schemes they are scheming for us," Amar said.
Many Israelis also reflected on the 1973 Arab-Israel War, which Israelis call the Yom Kippur War because it broke out surprisingly on that day. The war marked a watershed moment in Israeli collective memory, when the country suffered heavy losses on the battlefield. On Tuesday, families published notices in the obituary section of newspapers in memory of their loved ones who died in the war.
Thousands of Jewish worshippers shrouded in white prayer shawls convened on the Western Wall Tuesday morning for last-minute penitent prayers. Some sounded long, curly rams' horns called shofars, traditionally sounded as a call to repent during the ten days of repentance.
Many of Israel's secular Jews fast for the day, but stay at home watching movies and playing board games. In another Israeli Yom Kippur tradition, secular children ride skateboards and bicycles through the empty streets.
At Jerusalem's outdoor market, many scurried around doing last-minute errands before the country shut down. Nearby, ultra-Orthodox Jews swung live chickens over their heads while reciting a blessing, then slaughtered the birds ? a symbolic ritual that transfers their sins to the animals. The practice has come under criticism in recent years, and many have replaced it by donating money to charity instead.
Adesu Masala, 72, an Ethiopian Jewish immigrant to Israel, was leaving the tailor's with a newly hemmed pair of dress pants to wear at his synagogue. He looked up to the heavens when he reflected on his prayers for the holy day.
"I will pray to God for a long life, and health for my children, wife and grandchildren," he said.
Tikva Horne, 70, was returning home from a visit to the doctor. She said she would be going to synagogue praying for "health for everyone, and that God forbid there will be a war."
___
Follow Daniel Estrin at twitter.com/danielestrin
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/israel-grounds-halt-jewish-holy-day-132921003.html
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by EWU Athletics
In its second game of Big Sky Conference play, the Eastern Washington University women's soccer team tasted victory once again.
The Eagles outlasted Idaho State on Sunday (Sept. 23) for a 2-1 win at the EWU Sports and Recreation Center Soccer Field in Cheney, Wash. The Bengals struck early and took a 1-0 lead, but were unable to hold on, as the Eagles added two goals of their own.
The game-winning goal was scored at the 51 minute mark. Eastern's Cassie Black rocketed off an open shot that found the back of the net. The unassisted goal was the third game-winner of the season for the sophomore forward from Battle Ground, Wash. Black has recorded five goals in 2012, and 11 in her career.
"Cassie's goal could not have been more perfect," said head coach George Hageage. "She blasted it and put it perfectly on frame. She has been working hard and she is doing well, so it was great to see her get a goal like that."
In the first half, Idaho State controlled the kick-off. The Bengals quickly worked the ball down the field to Amanda Ellsworth, who slipped it in the goal for a 1-0 lead after just 22 seconds had elapsed.
"The message we have been preaching is how to face adversity," said Hageage. "That was adversity ? giving up a really simple ball so early in the game and suddenly they put it in the back of the net."
The Eagles did not let the early goal discrepancy put them out of the game though, and responded 24 minutes later with a goal from senior Kasey McNeill. McNeill connected on a pass from Black and netted it for a 1-1 tie at the half. It was McNeill's second goal of the season, and fourth of her career. Black's assist was her second this season.
"It was great to see Kasey get a goal to equalize it," said Hageage. "I think all our forwards did well holding the ball and finding players. We also saw good things from the midfield. Brittney Conway came back strong and got her legs back under her. She and Katy Allen were a big part of controlling the midfield today."
Eastern's defense had a strong showing in today's victory, only allowing the Bengals to make 14 shooting attempts all game.
"We are talking about being stronger," said Hageage. "In the past, if we give up a goal like we did, our heads go down, and we are done. But we fought back and limited their scoring opportunities. It was great to see Brianna [Brannan] and Katie Cashman do so well in the center back. And Nathalie is also playing great. Now for our next games, we just need to work on possession and not becoming so panicked once we gain a lead."
The Eagles hit the road for their next conference match against Sacramento State on Friday (Sept. 28). The game is set to take place at Hornet Field in Sacramento, Calif. at 4 p.m.
Source: http://www.swxrightnow.com/story/19624319/eastern-comes-back-to-beat-idaho-state-2-1
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You heard it here first. I read Chris Elliott?s online columns almost everyday. Sometimes I come away a little miffed?.like when he bad-mouths frequent flier programs, and other times I learn something I didn?t know. And still in other instances (like yesterday?s column), I see a stark reminder of what I think should be obvious, but apparently isn?t. What the heck am I talking about? NOW HEAR THIS ? IF YOU ARE TRAVELING OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA YOU NEED A PASSPORT.
I realize this isn?t news to most Boardingarea.com readers as the primary clientele are interested in airplane travel. What you may not know is that as a US citizen traveling on a ?closed loop? cruise that begins and ends at the same US port, you are allowed to travel with a nothing more than a birth certificate and a picture ID.?The cruise industry fought hard to carve out this exception for closed loop cruises. I can only assume that they thought a requirement for passports would cost them business. Perhaps it would.?However, just because you can do something does not mean that you should. The definition of what is valid and what is not in regards to immigration documents other than passports is subject to a little too much interpretation if you ask me.
Planning a cruise? Thinking about attempting to travel with your birth certificate and a picture ID? Please don?t do it. Get a passport. It?s the cheapest travel insurance money can buy.
Tags: Closed Loop Cruise, Cruising, mjontravel.com, Passports
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WAINWRIGHT, Alaska - It was the down slope of August, and in the icy winds and freezing rain that masquerade as summer on the Arctic coast, Shell Alaska had to move its community barbecue indoors to the school gym.
Billed as the oil company's thank-you to the I?upiat Eskimo village that is about to become a base for offshore drilling operations, the event featured free hamburgers, beans and something rarely seen up in the Far North - plates heaped with fresh watermelon, oranges and bananas. Shell Alaska Vice President Peter E. Slaiby was in the middle of the room, raffling off jackets emblazoned with the Shell logo.
"Lord Jesus, thank you for this food," said a woman who stood up to bless the gathering. "We thank you for Shell and its employees. We thank you for their safe journey here."
Wainwright, a town of 550 people on barren bluffs of tundra 700 miles northwest of Anchorage, seems an unlikely venue for an oil boom. But the discovery of a massive undersea pool of oil just offshore in the Chukchi Sea has, for many, turned caribou dreams into lucrative oil services contracts that will create thousands of jobs across the North Slope.
These days in Wainwright - a collection of makeshift wooden houses, dry-docked whaling boats, churlish dogs on short chains, and snowmobiles in varying stages of repair - people are building new homes and reporting for new jobs as oil spill response workers. Hardly anyone looks twice at a new Hummer parked in front of the village market.
Yet some see the coming bonanza as a threat to a culture that has coexisted precariously with the ice for thousands of years.
"We just need to stop them, but we can't," said Sandra Peetook, who manages the small and now bustling hotel in town. "They're not worried about our land or how we get our food or how we feed our people. They are just worried about what they are going to drill out of the oceans."
Shell has spent $4.5 billion amassing an armada of drill ships and response vessels, and this month it began preliminary drilling in the Chukchi. A two-story workers camp on one of Wainwright's muddy streets houses the oil company crews; a communications center with VHF radios and satellite phones coordinates boats and helicopters plying the coast; dump trucks rumble constantly toward the edge of town, where ConocoPhillips is helping put in sites for a helipad and another workers camp.
Just southeast of town, the villager-owned Olgoonik Corp. plans to convert an abandoned U.S. military radar station into an onshore base for future oil operations.
"It's creating opportunities. It's put some people to work here already. Imagine what happens when they start pulling up all that oil they're talking about discovering," said John Hopson Jr., a whaling captain who also runs Wainwright's public works department. "They're going to go get it. But we have to work to make sure the benefits flow through here, too."
Over the last three decades, the onshore fields of Prudhoe Bay have put millions of dollars of dividends in villagers' pockets and built schools, clinics and offices. Yet unless new revenue-sharing legislation is passed, production offshore will bring natives far fewer rewards - most money from the outer continental shelf goes to the federal government - even though operations there are seen as riskier to the ocean and the wildlife that is essential to human survival on this forlorn coast.
The Eskimos fear that a disaster like the BP spill in the Gulf of Mexico could wipe out what remains of a fragile civilization that has lived with its face to the Chukchi Sea for generations. Spring and sometimes fall bring the hunt for the bowhead whale, beluga and walrus. Summer is for caribou and bearded seals. In early winter villagers plumb holes through the ice for rainbow smelt.
Although federal officials have promised that the chance of a big oil spill is remote, many here are skeptical. Villagers also worry that the flood of strangers into Wainwright could prove more toxic than the hydrocarbons under the sea.
"The people who've attended the meetings have asked, 'What's going to be the benefit to us? What about our schools, what about housing?' There is no answer. They just come here and they give us food and think that's going to suffice," said fourth-grade teacher Edna Ahmaogak, who was sitting in a class full of students on the afternoon of the barbecue as hubbub from the Shell festivities filtered down the hall.
"Are we going to have helicopters overhead, scaring away our herds? If there's an oil spill, what about our whales, what about our bearded seals? Are they going to give us those?" Ahmaogak asked. "Or are they going to give us cold sandwiches?"
Shell, keenly aware of the need to share the bounty, is awarding many of its construction and oil services contracts to native corporations such as Olgoonik, signing agreements so far with 26 indigenous-owned companies. At Shell's camp in Wainwright, many of the oil spill response workers who go out daily on practice runs are from Wainwright and nearby Barrow.
"We do it because we will not be successful in Alaska if the communities we work in are not," Slaiby said. A veteran of drilling operations in Brazil, Syria, the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea, Slaiby has become a ubiquitous presence at community meetings across the North Slope, with his jeans, khaki shirts and willingness to partake of the cold melange of raw whale skin and blubber known as muktuk.
Slaiby has deployed his considerable resources - patience, teams of skilled corporate lawyers and a willingness to spend millions of dollars on new technology and environmental mitigation - against conservationists bent on protecting one of the last untouched seas on Earth and Eskimo villagers fearful of losing their seagoing livelihood. For Slaiby, it's been worth it because of what Shell executives often refer to as "the prize": an undersea oil formation 70 miles off the Chukchi coast known as the Burger prospect - potentially so rich it could rank as one of the top 10 oil fields ever discovered in America.
"We are really appreciative of all the goodwill and progress we've made this year in Wainwright," Slaiby said as he rose to speak at the barbecue. He pointed out that most of the Shell workers stationed in town so far were not drillers but biologists, commissioned under a $5-million-a-year Shell-funded research program to document the fish, mammals and birds whose life cycles are now as interesting to Shell as to those who live here.
"We're taking the time to understand what's happening around here," Slaiby said, "and I think we'll have something here that's sustainable."
Also working the crowd was Doris Hugo-Shavings, an I?upiat Eskimo who is Shell's "social performance advisor," responsible for making sure that Alaska natives' concerns are heeded.
"When we first came out to these meetings, I had the exact same feeling I saw in the communities: fear. Sometimes, that fear turned to anger. And just sadness. You felt like you were going to lose something. After community meetings, I would go into a room and cry," she said.
But Hugo-Shavings said she also realized that the North Slope she'd grown up in was withering as the oil fields of Prudhoe Bay declined. With the Trans-Alaska Pipeline running at a third of its capacity, the oil and gas revenue that paid for her college education was diminishing.
Jobs have become scarce - unemployment in Wainwright is at 60%. What would happen to these isolated towns when the onshore oil ran out?
"I had conversations with my husband, and I decided it was better to be proactive and involved, to be a voice inside, than to put up a wall filing lawsuits," she said.
She said she was convinced that the program Shell adopted would assure villagers' worst fears are never realized.
Shell agreed not to operate in the nearby Beaufort Sea during whaling season; it pledged not to dump its drilling muds into the sea; it promised to call off its helicopters whenever hunters are in an area; it painted its boats blue, a color the Eskimos said would not scare the animals of the sea.
Each morning, the company convenes village representatives from across the North Slope on a conference call to find out where they're going to be hunting and fishing that day; science teams and helicopters are ordered out of those areas.
Hopson, the whaler and city official, has told his children he expects them to know how to navigate both worlds that now spin around Wainwright.
He has taken his high-school-age son hunting caribou on the remote tundra and taught him to ambush seals and whales from the ice. He pulled the boy out of school for a 40-hour training course in hazardous-materials cleanup. He helped him train for an emergency trauma technician certificate. He flew him to Denver for a tour of the University of Colorado.
"We're teaching him both sides of the world," Hopson said. "What it takes to hunt, what it takes to make a living so you can hunt."
Walter Niyakik, who heads the local organization of whaling captains, has always made his living hunting whales, but worries that whaling crews already are having to venture much farther out to sea than in the past to find their prey. Will oil development drive the wary creatures even farther offshore?
More immediately, though, he is alarmed about the $6.90 a gallon he pays for gas to fuel his whaling boat. A caribou hunt on his all-terrain vehicle can cost $200.
How much longer will he be able to afford to be a traditional Eskimo hunter? Niyakik elected to hedge his bets. He took a job driving trucks and small equipment for the local company servicing offshore oil. Asked why, he shrugs. As if it's obvious.
kim.murphy@latimes.com
Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/49142142/ns/local_news-anchorage_ak/
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ARLINGTON ? Cowboys safety Barry Church entered this season with high expectations after he had been named one of the team?s starting safeties.
But he won?t play again in 2012 after he tore his right Achilles tendon in the third quarter of Dallas? 16-10 victory over Tampa Bay.
He said he will have surgery Tuesday.
?Over on the sidelines I was kind of in shock,? said Church, who was on crutches after the game. ?Wow, this really happened. Once I sat down, I had a talk with myself and figured you can?t be negative about everything. If you keep being negative, you?ll just become a negative person. I just have to keep positive and see what happens.?
Church has been in this situation before. Church missed the final three games of the 2011 season after undergoing surgery on his right shoulder that had been separated. Last week, he was unable to play in the second half of the Cowboys? loss to Seattle because of a deep quadriceps bruise.
The third-year safety, however, seemed particularly distraught after the last setback. He sat with his head down on the bench and was consoled on the sidelines.
?It?s pretty disappointing,? he said.? ?I have to stay positive.?
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Many double-celebrity couples share their baby's gender with the world, but actors Claire Danes and Hugh Dancy are keeping mum on the subject.
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John Roach
Would-be terrorists hoping to sneak weapons and other contraband through U.S. ports on and in the hulls of ships may be thwarted by a robotic tuna fish under development for the government.
The BIOSwimmer robofish is able to?overcome so-called position-keeping problems experienced by traditional underwater robots that are powered by vertical and horizontal thrusters, according to the David Taylor, program manager for the robot at?the Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate.?
The robot ?can sit in the water and go through a swimming motion like a fish and give you a better position-keeping capability,? he told me on Thursday.
Such steadiness could be important, for example, while the robot uses an array of sensors to inspect grated cavities in ship hulls?called sea chests where contraband could be stashed.
Control is via a tether attached to a laptop computer. The tether is long enough to inspect ship hulls more than 500 feet in length, Taylor noted.
The robot can also operate autonomously, he added, but when it is not hooked to the tether ?sending data up through the water column is somewhat challenging.??
To get around that, the robot would have to be periodically brought back to the surface for data downloading, which limits real-time inspection capabilities.
The Department of Homeland Security is in discussions with an undisclosed custom?s port to begin testing a prototype of the robot within a year.
The BIOSwimmer is under development for the department by Boston Engineering Corp.'s Advanced Systems Group.
John Roach is a contributing writer for NBC News Digital. To learn more about him, check out his website. For more of our Future of Technology series, watch the featured video below.
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ScienceDaily (Sep. 19, 2012) ? Climate-prediction models show skills in forecasting climate trends over time spans of greater than 30 years and at the geographical scale of continents, but they deteriorate when applied to shorter time frames and smaller geographical regions, a new study has found.
Published in the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, the study is one of the first to systematically address a longstanding, fundamental question asked not only by climate scientists and weather forecasters, but the public as well: How good are Earth system models at predicting the surface air temperature trend at different geographical and time scales?
Xubin Zeng, a professor in the University of Arizona department of atmospheric sciences who leads a research group evaluating and developing climate models, said the goal of the study was to bridge the communities of climate scientists and weather forecasters, who sometimes disagree with respect to climate change.
According to Zeng, who directs the UA Climate Dynamics and Hydrometeorology Center, the weather forecasting community has demonstrated skill and progress in predicting the weather up to about two weeks into the future, whereas the track record has remained less clear in the climate science community tasked with identifying long-term trends for the global climate.
"Without such a track record, how can the community trust the climate projections we make for the future?" said Zeng, who serves on the Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of the National Academies and the Executive Committee of the American Meteorological Society. "Our results show that actually both sides' arguments are valid to a certain degree."
"Climate scientists are correct because we do show that on the continental scale, and for time scales of three decades or more, climate models indeed show predictive skills. But when it comes to predicting the climate for a certain area over the next 10 or 20 years, our models can't do it."
To test how accurately various computer-based climate prediction models can turn data into predictions, Zeng's group used the "hindcast" approach.
"Ideally, you would use the models to make predictions now, and then come back in say, 40 years and see how the predictions compare to the actual climate at that time," said Zeng. "But obviously we can't wait that long. Policymakers need information to make decisions now, which in turn will affect the climate 40 years from now."
Zeng's group evaluated seven computer simulation models used to compile the reports that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, or IPCC, issues every six years. The researchers fed them historical climate records and compared their results to the actual climate change observed between then and now.
"We wanted to know at what scales are the climate models the IPCC uses reliable," said Koichi Sakaguchi, a doctoral student in Zeng's group who led the study. "These models considered the interactions between the Earth's surface and atmosphere in both hemispheres, across all continents and oceans and how they are coupled."
Zeng said the study should help the community establish a track record whose accuracy in predicting future climate trends can be assessed as more comprehensive climate data become available.
"Our goal was to provide climate modeling centers across the world with a baseline they can use every year as they go forward," Zeng added. "It is important to keep in mind that we talk about climate hindcast starting from 1880. Today, we have much more observational data. If you start your prediction from today for the next 30 years, you might have a higher prediction skill, even though that hasn't been proven yet."
The skill of a climate model depends on three criteria at a minimum, Zeng explained. The model has to use reliable data, its prediction must be better than a prediction based on chance, and its prediction must be closer to reality than a prediction that only considers the internal climate variability of the Earth system and ignores processes such as variations in solar activity, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel burning and land-use change, for example urbanization and deforestation.
"If a model doesn't meet those three criteria, it can still predict something but it cannot claim to have skill," Zeng said.
According to Zeng, global temperatures have increased in the past century by about 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit or 0.8 degrees Celsius on average. Barring any efforts to curb global warming from greenhouse gas emissions, the temperatures could further increase by about 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit (2.5 degrees Celsius) or more by the end of the 21st century based on these climate models.
"The scientific community is pushing policymakers to avoid the increase of temperatures by more than 2 degrees Celsius because we feel that once this threshold is crossed, global warming could be damaging to many regions," he said.
Zeng said that climate models represent the current understanding of the factors influencing climate, and then translate those factors into computer code and integrate their interactions into the future.
"The models include most of the things we know," he explained, "such as wind, solar radiation, turbulence mixing in the atmosphere, clouds, precipitation and aerosols, which are tiny particles suspended in the air, surface moisture and ocean currents."
Zeng described how the group did the analysis: "With any given model, we evaluated climate predictions from 1900 into the future -- 10 years, 20 years, 30 years, 40 years, 50 years. Then we did the same starting in 1901, then 1902 and so forth, and applied statistics to the results."
Climate models divide the Earth into grid boxes whose size determines its spatial resolution. According to Zeng, state of the art is about one degree, equaling about 60 miles (100 kilometers).
"There has to be a simplification because if you look outside the window, you realize you don't typically have a cloud cover that measures 60 miles by 60 miles. The models cannot reflect that kind of resolution. That's why we have all those uncertainties in climate prediction."
"Our analysis confirmed what we expected from last IPCC report in 2007," said Sakaguchi. "Those climate models are believed to be of good skill on large scales, for example predicting temperature trends over several decades, and we confirmed that by showing that the models work well for time spans longer than 30 years and across geographical scales spanning 30 degrees or more."
The scientists pointed out that although the IPCC issues a new report every six years, they didn't see much change with regard to the prediction skill of the different models.
"The IPCC process is driven by international agreements and politics," Zeng said. "But in science, we are not expected to make major progress in just six years. We have made a lot of progress in understanding certain processes, for example airborne dust and other small particles emitted from surface, either through human activity or through natural sources into the air. But climate and the Earth system still are extremely complex. Better understanding doesn't necessarily translate into better skill in a short time."
"Once you go into details, you realize that for some decades, models are doing a much better job than for some other decades. That is because our models are only as good as our understanding of the natural processes, and there is a lot we don't understand."
Michael Brunke, a graduate student in Zeng's group who focused on ocean-atmosphere interactions, co-authored the study, which is titled "The Hindcast Skill of the CMIP Ensembles for the Surface Air Temperature Trend."
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